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salmon fishing techniques fish species of the Salmonidae
Salmon is a name used for several common fish species of the Salmonidae family. They shouldn’t be confused with trout, which are also members of the Salmonidae family. Salmon can thrive in both freshwater and saltwater. Salmon are anadromous, they hatch from their eggs in freshwater, travel to the ocean as they grow and later return to freshwater in order to spawn. When they return to freshwater to spawn they actually travel back to the exact spot where they hatched from their eggs. They can be found on the coasts of both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, along within the Great Lakes of North America. Salmon are also a big part of the aquaculture industry for farm raised finfish.
Different Types of SalmonThere are two genus for salmon, salmo and oncorhynchus. In the salmo genus there is one species called the Atlantic salmon (salmo salar). In the oncorhynchus genus there is six species, which are called Chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha), chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta), coho salmon (oncorhynchus kisutch), pink salmon (oncorhynchus gorbuscha), sockeye salmon (oncorhynchus nerka) and masu salmon (oncorhynchus masou). Salmon are one of the most popular game fish in the world, in additional to being one of the most common fish consumed by humans. Due to the popularity of this fish in North America, some states have salmon stocking programs. These programs are especially prevalent in the Great Lakes.
Tips On Bass fishing Clip Your Trebles: Swap out the trebles for single hooks on most swimming plugs and you’ll change, or even ruin, the fish-catching action. To keep the plugs swimming right but gain the easy-unhooking benefits of single hooks, simply clip off the points on two of the tines, just behind the barb. Pliers will cut most freshwater hooks, and a bolt cutter can take care of sturdier saltwater hooks. Tips On Bass fishing Clip Your Trebles http://www.onthewater.com/top-10-fishing-tips-tricks/
The Atlantic Salmon (“Bradán” in Gaelic), is a native Irish fish.
Most rivers get a run of salmon from Spring until Autumn. Salmon
can be caught in Irish waters from January through to October. The
bigger fish known as ‘Springers’ tend to run in the early months
of the year and weigh an average of nine pounds. A spring fish from
cold water, silver, muscular and graceful, is magnificent. To
catch one, especially on the fly is a triumph and anglers have the
best chance of taking a ‘Springer’ in rivers such as the Drowes in
Co. Donegal or the River Laune in Co. Kerry. They can also be caught
in loughs such as Lough Currane in Co. Kerry which produces
some fine fish from February onwards.
The biggest run of salmon comprise of grilse or summer salmon. They
are the most sporting of game fish and are swift, acrobatic
and ready takers of a well presented fly or lure. They weigh from
three to six pounds and are widely found throughout the country.
The timing of the main runs varies between river systems but most
begin in June. This is when fisheries like the Moy in Co. Mayo
and the Munster Blackwater in Co. Cork can provide spectacular sport
in a natural setting. Irish grilse runs are some of the most
prolific in Western Europe and offer the salmon fisherman the best
chance of success.
Many Irish rivers also have large runs of salmon with the first rains
of the autumn. This autumn run often makes up the bulk of
the adult salmon returning to any catchment. These fish continue to
come into the systems after the season closes and so ensure
productive salmon fishing on many waters right to the end of the
season.
The long standing record for an Irish salmon, a fish of 57 lbs, was set on the
River Suir by Mr Maher in 1874. It is unlikely to be beaten in the near future.
Currently a salmon over 20 pounds is classified as a specimen fish and only a
small number of these are recorded annually.
Behaviour and habits
Salmon are an elusive and complicated quarry for the angler and
their behaviour can be greatly affected by many factors, including
the season one chooses to fish, the prevailing weather conditions or
even the time of day. It has been established that they do not
feed in freshwater and so the reason why they are tempted to take bait
or a well presented fly is not known. Furthermore, when
they first enter the lough or river systems, they are more willing to
take a bait or fly but the longer they sit in freshwater the more
dour they become.
When salmon move into freshwater in the colder months of the season,
they often progress slowly up rivers. However, as the
water temperature rises, this is reflected in the salmon’s metabolism
and they become more active. For salmon anglers who fly fish
the key water temperature is 7C/45F. Below this temperature one should
fish a sunk fly and above this temperature salmon will
move to one fished on a floating line. This is also true for other
forms of salmon angling and the old adage would be ‘when cold,
fish slow and deep. During the summer the best taking times for salmon
are very early in the morning and the last thing at night.
Salmon Angling Methods and Tackle
For the angler in Ireland the main methods employed for game fish will be:
Fly fishing
Spinning
Bait fishing
All angling methods are subject to national and local regulation, which may
be subject to change.
Fly-fishing
The classic way to fish for salmon is with the fly. Double handed rods are not always
essential and generally the Irish angler favours single handed rods.
Rivers
On most Irish rivers one would need nothing larger than a 11’6 ft rod (AFTM 7 / 8) with a floating line
– there are the odd exceptions such as the Cork Blackwater or the Moy where the double handed rod
comes into it’s own for use with sinking lines in cold water. Reels (dependant on river size) should hold
at least 100m of backing. Leaders should use at least 12lb monofilament and are usually for single fly,
particularly on rocky rivers. This is because with droppers there is always a danger of hooking up one of
the flies when playing a fish.
Traditionally the river current imparts the movement to the fly. As such, the slower areas of river are
usually not favoured by the salmon fly fisher. However, to get past this problem, it is not uncommon
on rivers such as the Moy or Mourne for anglers to use bubble and fly. This is usually fished using
spinning tackle.
Loughs
Fly-fishing for salmon on loughs is an Irish specialty. Most loughs fish best when there is a ‘good wave.’
Rods to 11ft 6in (rated AFTM 7 / 8) are used and salmon are fished for in much the same way as one
fishes for trout. The majority of fishing would be using floating lines. The standard cast consists of 3 or
4 flies. Tapered casts down to 10lbs would be recommended. The point fly is often a shrimp fly, with
the droppers consisting of standard trout/sea trout flies size 10 or 12. It would be more than usual for
one of these flies to be a Green Peter.
Flies
Ireland is the birthplace of many famous salmon flies such as the
Thunder and Lightening, Black Doctor
and Connemara Black. However, when one thinks of fly patterns, the
shrimp fly must be seen as the
quintessential Irish style. The salmon shrimp fly was invented by Pat
Curry of Coleraine who tied the original Curry’s Red Shrimp. When
opened, the predominant colour of an Irish fly box holding shrimp
patterns is a rich orange hue the same colour as a good whiskey.
Though everyone has their favourites,
one would never go too far wrong with patterns such as the Apache
Shrimp, Bann Special Shrimp,
Delphi Badger, Wilkinson Shrimp, Curry’s Red Shrimp or Foxford Shrimp.
Irish flies tend to start on the
small side. Size 8 being used in the cold/ early spring, then as the
water warms, the flies being scaled
down to 12’s and 14’s. Other salmon flies such as the Tosh, Ally’s
Shrimp, Cascade, Willie Gunn, Hairy
Mary, Silver Stoat, Green Highlander and the Collie Dog all work and
account for fish every year.
Spinning
Spinning for salmon can be a very effective method when conditions suit. In heavy water it may also
be the only realistic option to take a fish. An 8 to 10 ft rod will be able to cope with most conditions.
Fixed spool reels should hold at least 100 – 150m of 10 to 15lb monofilament / braid.
In the early season one might use 3in Devon Minnow or large Toby’s, these being fished slow and deep
to get to where the fish are lying. At present the favoured spinner in Ireland would be the Flying ‘C’, red
and black being two of the most popular colours. As the water warms up, lure size should be reduced
and the speed of retrieve increased. Spinning upstream can be highly effective when the grilse are
running. On some loughs, such as Melvin and Currane trolling is a favoured method early in the year.
Usually two rods are used fishing different lures at different depths.
Bait
The main bait fishing techniques are shrimp/prawn and worming. Prawns and shrimps are effective
baits and are usually fished on a float rig. When used properly, the trotted worm with or without a
float is a skilful form of fishing as well as being very effective. The normal way to fish a worm is to use
a bunch of three on a single hook; however a single worm can also produce results.
Boat Fishing
Boats enable the angler to gain access to water that may not be fishable from the bank. They also allow the angler to cover a
greater area of water than when bank fishing. Boats can be hired at all the main angling centres.
Trolling is a favoured way of fishing the larger waters because so
much ground may be covered in the course of a day and this
method can be very effective for fishing salmon early in the season.
Artificial or natural baits may be used. When fly fishing,
drifting broadside down wind is the standard way to fish. There are
rules of etiquette to follow when doing this, as well as points of
safety, and hiring an angling guide or ghillie is recommended
particularly on the larger bigger loughs if the angler is unfamiliar
with
the water.
Remember when boat fishing;
Do not cut across another boat’s drift
If passing, pass port to port
Do not motor up a drift but drive around
Keep clear of all other anglers
An echo sounder is a useful aid on the larger loughs. The equipment
is used primarily to ascertain depth, and to locate fish and the
depth they are feeding at. Please note the law requires all going afloat to wear a suitable lifejacket or buoyancy aid.
Next: Sea
Trout fishing http://www.fishinginireland.info/salmon/salmon.htm
